DATA REPRESENTATION
The most striking feature of a digital computer is its gnerality. It can follow a sequence of instructions, called a programme that operates on a given data. The user can specify and change programme and/or data according to the specific need. As a result of this flexibility, general purpose digital computers can perform a wide variety of information processing jobs. The effectiveness of computers and the potential benefit to society lies in their versatility and processing speed. Digital computers have made possible many scientific, industrial and commercial advancements which otherwise would have been unattainable.
The most striking feature of a digital computer is its gnerality. It can follow a sequence of instructions, called a programme that operates on a given data. The user can specify and change programme and/or data according to the specific need. As a result of this flexibility, general purpose digital computers can perform a wide variety of information processing jobs. The effectiveness of computers and the potential benefit to society lies in their versatility and processing speed. Digital computers have made possible many scientific, industrial and commercial advancements which otherwise would have been unattainable.
Digital computers are the machines which responds numbers rather than letters. All the data and instructions must, therefore, be supplied in the coded numeral format. These numerals have specific meaning for computers. Thus number system are very important to understand because the designe and organization of a computer is dependent upon the number systems. The decimal system for counting has been so widely adopted that we rarely consider the possibilities of other number system. However, the binary number system, has proved the most natural and efficient system for machine use.
Computer are often called data processors. The numbers, facts, names etc, that are represented by symbols. The symbols may be printed characters. Since computeris a physical device, the symbol it handles must be in some physical form. In the abacus numbers are represented by the position of beads, we assign a number to a bead. In this way we represent a particular number. Digital compurters are built from components that have two states ON and OFF like electric switches.
DATA AND INFORMATION
The term we use to describe the signals with which computers work is data. The word data and information are often used interchangeably. There is an important distinction between them. Data is the words, numbers and graphics that describe people, events, things and ideas. Data becomes information when you use it as the basis for initiating some action or for making a decision. Information then is defined as the words, numbers and graphics used as the basis for actions and decisions. A representation of facts, concepts or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation or processing by humans or machines is called data. In short data means collection of raw facts.
Computer are often called data processors. The numbers, facts, names etc, that are represented by symbols. The symbols may be printed characters. Since computeris a physical device, the symbol it handles must be in some physical form. In the abacus numbers are represented by the position of beads, we assign a number to a bead. In this way we represent a particular number. Digital compurters are built from components that have two states ON and OFF like electric switches.
DATA AND INFORMATION
The term we use to describe the signals with which computers work is data. The word data and information are often used interchangeably. There is an important distinction between them. Data is the words, numbers and graphics that describe people, events, things and ideas. Data becomes information when you use it as the basis for initiating some action or for making a decision. Information then is defined as the words, numbers and graphics used as the basis for actions and decisions. A representation of facts, concepts or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation or processing by humans or machines is called data. In short data means collection of raw facts.
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